Face content can resource optimizes the mechanical products plan that use

Of the program of system of systematic program design of 1 mechanical product is the basis that follow-up design works certainly, it decided the working principle of mechanical product not only, the function to the product, quality, applicably a decisive action such as the gender, and to content can the wear out condition of resource also has conclusive effect. For example: The design of system of machine tool transmission. To the main transfer machinery of linear reciprocate, mechanical transmission system and fluid drive system use more extensively. And the content of two kinds of plan can the wear out condition of resource is different, compare following lists respectively. Express system of transmission of machinery of fluid drive system 1.

Construction of system of product structure transmission is simple, weight is light, volume is minor, below the circumstance of coequal power, the 10% ～ that the weight of hydraulic pump is electric machinery 20% , accordingly, material is used up little, production process energy is used up little. Transmission construction of system is complex, weight, volume is larger, accordingly, material is used up much, production process energy is used up much. 2.

Because product use process is put in mechanical attrition loss, pressure loss, leak loss, transmission efficiency is accordingly inferior, energy loss is bigger. Transmission efficiency is taller, energy loss is small. 3.

Product work life regards the job as medium with the liquid, lubricant condition is good, component life is long, change the resource that component place drains is little. Component is easy wear away, service life is brief. Change the resource that spare parts place expends is much. This shows, systematic program design decided source of working principle of the system, power, energy changes means to wait, deliver efficiency to have conclusive effect to the structural complexity of the orgnaization, overall dimension, energy consequently, the energy that affects a product thereby is used up and material is used up. 2.

The structure of 2 products is designed 2.

2.

The product part measure with the complexity simple structure of 1 structure is less, connection method is simple. Accordingly, the treatment capacity of the spare parts is little, the energy in machining a process is used up, and because the spare parts is counted,the tooling amount such as clamping apparatus, measure, cutting tool, mould also meets decrease and decrease accordingly; And the volume of the product is minor, weight is light, material is used up little. And the structure is complex, the product with various spare parts, material is used up much; And the treatment of the spare parts is measured big, measure of the energy loss in machining a process, tool is relevant also grow in quantity. Accordingly, below the premise that asks in contented product function, simplify product structure, avoid to design dispensable part as far as possible, use a function diversification and compound functional part and simple connection method, make the spare parts number of integral device decreases, can reduce resource to use up greatly. 2.

2.

The arranges component part mutual place of 2 component affects, reach its the size of relevant measure, will affect the integral measure of the product, affect the bulk of whole orgnaization and weight thereby, and raw material is used up. Wait for large part to casing, housing especially, its weight coefficient is tall, the impact that uses up to material is bigger. For example: The graph shows main transfer machinery of slide block of two kinds of brace 1 times, the brace length R of graph 1a is the half of S of slide block journey, when slide block distance is very great, the dimension of whole orgnaization increases subsequently. Graph 1b orgnaization, use leverage to make brace length is reduced, reduced the overall dimension of whole orgnaization thereby. Accordingly, when undertaking the structure is designed, reasonable arrange component part, make the structure of the orgnaization compact, overall dimension is reduced, the material that can reduce a product is used up. Graph 1 reciprocate orgnaization 2.

2.

The state getting power that 3 component get strength condition component part from the following material of two sides effect uses up: The first, below the premise of contented and coequal carrying capacity, the component part with good state getting power can be used lesser sectional, material is used up little; The 2nd, get the component part with strength good condition, service life is long, reduce the resource loss that destroy lose effectiveness and causes because of component part. For example: The Jian Zhiliang that graph 2a place shows, if two end pedestal all moves upcountry 0.

2L(L is the length) of bridge, if graph 2b place is shown, the greatest value that bend quadrature falls namely to original 1/5, the sectional dimension of bridge can be reduced accordingly. Graph 2 　 are visible, when undertaking the structure is designed, decorate like what can design bearing and load reasonably, the circumstance getting power of ameliorable component. Thereby, raise overall material utilization factor, reduce material to use up. 2.

2.

4 dismountable sexual design product reachs its service life eventually period when, if discard as useless its entirely,discard, cause pollution to the environment not only, and create much resources waste. And actually, a lot of component on old product are to be able to reclaim with repeated usage, be opposite especially precious metal, have very tall reclaim value. If be when the design, can consider what component can reclaim with repeated usage, design its dismountable, so that be opposite after the product discards as useless of these component disassemble reclaim, can save much raw material so, especially valuable metallic data, reduce the pollution that causes to the environment. 2.

The structural craft sex of 3 spare partses 2.

3.

1 reducing waste of craft of technology waste product also is one of main fields that create resources waste, waste is more, resources waste is more serious. The cause that creates technology waste product is many sided, the design is unreasonable be among them one of main factors. Design a cast for example, if spare parts wall is large inhomogenous, large wall and place of thin wall connection transfer quickly, can make cast produces shrinkage cavity, shrink the phenomenon such as loose, crackle, warp, reduce the intensity of the spare parts thereby, ask in intensity taller circumstance, produce waste product. Because this is when the design, the craft that should consider a hardware is characteristic, make its structure accords with its workmanship, reduce the likelihood that reject appears in be being made as far as possible from the design, reduce percent defective, reduce resources waste thereby. 2.

3.

The machinability of 2 spare partses has the part of sex of good structure craft, machine easily not only, and the motivation in treatment is used up and equipment loss is little, need not special device. And the technology of spare parts treatment with structural craft wrong sex is sophisticated, expend man-hour, and need ability of special knife, clip, measure to machine, increased equipment loss and the resource that make special tool to use up. Accordingly, when undertaking spare parts structure is designed, should make the spare parts facilitates with the simplest craft, highest productivity treatment comes out, use up in order to reduce the resource of treatment process. 2.

3.

The cutting treatment capacity of spare parts of capacity of 3 cutting treatment affects the cutting handling time of the machine tool and material loss directly, the amount be mixinged by the area of treatment face of the spare parts is more, cutting treatment amount is larger, of the energy loss that machines a spare parts and machine tool, cutting tool wear away more, the material that become cutting and wastes is more. When undertaking the structure is designed, spare parts of Lv of take an examination the use circumstance of each faces, avoid to ask to doing not have precision the surface that asks with exterior surface roughness undertakes machining. For example: Graph the underside of 3 casing spare parts need not be machined entirely, the structure that uses graph 3b can reduce material and energy waste, improve labor productivity. 2.

The material of 4 component chooses logical choice material is the premise that assures product quality and dependability, and material itself regards main stock as one of resource, its choose proper, affect the wear out condition of material directly, and to the product the energy in production process is used up also have very big effect. The material of mechanical product is given priority to with metallic stuff, accordingly, the article discusses the effect that the choice of metallic stuff uses up to resource only. Graph the main basis that 3 　 material chooses is a spare parts enlist in army the performance characteristics of condition and material. What choose the working requirement of the character of material and spare parts to whether suit, will affect data all sorts of performance characteristics (wait like intensity, plasticity, corrosion resistance) sufficient play, affect material to use up thereby. For example: Diesel engine crankshaft is enlisting in army the action that small energy bears to repeat concussion load in the process, concerned experiment makes clear, below circumstance of this kind of load, intensity is high, the intensity of working life prep above of the nodular cast iron with low plasticity is low, the normalizing with tall plasticity 45 ＃ steel. Use nodular cast iron to be helpful for managing metal stuff than 45 ＃ steel, prolong life of component part work. Accordingly, when choosing material, all sorts of function index that are not material had been jumped over higher, and should according to particular case (include temperature of bear case, job, environment to corrode etc) choice and the stuff that its fit, accomplish " make the best use of everything " , in order to fill minute of play material potential, reduce material to use up, prolong component part life, the resource that avoids to be caused because of component part invalidation is wasteful. Material chooses to still should consider the technical properties of material. The stand or fall of material technical properties decided the difficult easy rate that the spare parts machines, use up to the percent defective, energy that machines a process have very big effect, for example: The spare parts that machines to needing cutting should choose the stuff with cutting good sex, wear away with cutting tool with reducing machine tool energy to use up. In performance characteristics and technical properties OK and contented premise falls, use the data that contains precious alloying element less as far as possible, replace precious and rare data with current data, can decrease rare be short of a metal use up. 2.

The standardizes design product design of 5 products works, should carry out " 3 change " principle, namely range of products is changed, component generalization, standardization, this is a of the country fundamental technology economic policy. The rate that implements standardization in the design affects the quality of the product and labor productivity not only, and also be one of main factors that affect resource to deplete position. Standardization designs what can affect resource from the following respects to use up: (1) is promoted specialization production, raise standardization of resource utilization rate to be in unite and simplify on the foundation of product structure, all sorts of different type of will congener spare parts and different measurement are reasonable cent archives, make its form series, so that Yu Yongxian enters craft and special device to undertake large quantities of quantities specialization,produce, raise the utilization rate that produces equipment, raw material and the sources of energy thereby, make the resource wastage of unit product decreases. With exemple of fastener standard melt into, make clear according to concerning statistical material: Finished product of every 1 000 T is used specialization big batch production produces managing material 1 750 T than small lot, raw material utilization rate rises one times much. (The geometrical appearance of the breed that 2) reduces tooling and quantitative spare parts and structural dimension are one delivers sexual element, if their norms is multifarious, can make the breed amount of cutting tool, clamping apparatus, measure increases greatly. If design bolt, if the diameter of bolt is mixed once whorl dimension is affirmatory, the nut measure that coordinates with its also came down surely, the dimension that machines used tap and front tooth then, dimension of the bottom outlet before tap, examine the measure of used ring gauge and plug guage is relevant also the ground comes down certainly the gasket that; cooperates bolt to use and the spanner measure that the bolt that tighten solid uses also subsequently calm; tap. Visible, in designing a process, undertake standardizing designing to the spare parts, by first number the department enacts measure of spare parts geometry, use standard component or general part as far as possible, can simplify hardware standards, reduce the breed of tooling and amount greatly thereby, reduce the resource that makes special tool to use up. 2.

The influence that 6 other products plan uses up to resource is many sided, divide article above place enumerated beyond a few respects, still have a lot of consume concerned ingredient with resource. If safety factor is decided really, the sectional measure that affects component part, affect material to use up thereby; The treatment precision of the spare parts and exterior surface roughness ask, the energy in machining influence cutting the process is used up; Etc. The article is not listed one by one here. Products plan follows condition of product type, production to the influencing factor of resource, of the condition such as equipment ability change and differ somewhat, the influence level that all sorts of elements consume to resource also can follow conditional change and change. When the design, answer to make concrete analysis according to particular case. 3 face content can resource optimizes the products plan model that use to analyse through above knowable: Products plan is thing of influence production system can the crucial phase that resource uses up. Designing the resource that unreasonable place brings to expend a problem is " congenital " problem, be made up for very hard in follow-up phase and amend. Accordingly, the requirement designs staff from should have resource consciousness and environmental consciousness at the beginning. In the design, want to consider the function of the product, life, cost not only, the resource that considers a product even is used up and the environment is characteristic, reduce a product to be being made and use the resource in waiting for a process to use up as far as possible from the design, make the product is expended with least resource, least environment is polluted and highest can reclaim rate make come out. And in be being designed, affecting resource is mutual connection between all ingredients that consume, be mutual contradiction even sometimes. For example: For managing and precious metal, when designing gear, its teeth of a cogwheel uses the alloy steel with wear-resisting higher intensity, and its hub is used cast-iron, two parts use connection couplet. But the complexity that increased a structure however so, the resource that increased to make a process consequently is used up (if machine tool energy is used up, equipment wears away wait for) . Accordingly, facing the products plan that resource optimizes is issue of engineering of a system, when designing personnel to devise plan in the evaluation, answer to set out from systematic angle, analytic product reachs his each component is made in whole production, disassemble and reclaim the resource wear out condition in using a process and its influencing factor, choose the plan with integrated resource least wastage, the resource that improves whole production system thereby is integrated utilization rate. The analysis considers to make clear, reduce product resource to use up merit the tie of the following conditions: (1) product function and resource of product of diminution of quality are used up must be premise in order to satisfy the function of the product and quality requirement. Reducing resource to expend talent below the circumstance that makes sure product performance characteristics is changeless only is significant, otherwise, can produce a defective goods, waste product only, create bigger resources waste thereby. (When in the systematic program of the product design, material is chosen and the structure designs 2) production cycle, should make the product is helpful for using advanced technique and advanced technology treatment to make, improve productivity thereby, shorten production is periodic. (3) makes cost must consider the economic benefits of the product integratedly from the respect such as treatment management, installation cost, make the cost of the product is reduced. Integrated above is analysed, the article offers a kind of products plan model that faces resource to use up. If the graph shows 4 times: Graph 4 face content can resource optimizes the products plan model that use 4 from the design the respect raises matter can the way of resource utilization rate and measure 　 (the resource consciousness of personnel of 1) education design. The enterprise adopts conduct propaganda and education, make every design personnel realizes the seriousness of the importance of resource problem and environmental problem, increase the resource conservation, sense of responsibility that protects an environment, will reduce resource self-consciously to use up, in reducing environmental pollution to fulfil a design to work, come. Design personnel passes continuous study, realize the new gain of science and technology such as science of advanced production technology, material, in applying it the design to work, come, rise thereby optimize the design technology that uses resource. (2) uses the design method of collateral project, design from the concept with respect to consideration product at the beginning from the design discard as useless all ingredients that resource of the influence in the whole lifecycle of processing consumes, optimize each design link thereby, raise utilization rate of natural resources of whole production system. (The article already was opposite 3) the 2nd times be opposite in products plan process content can the influencing factor that resource uses up undertook an analysis. Mature these influencing factor take corresponding step, raise matter namely essentially can the concrete step of resource utilization rate. (4) builds resource to use up system of comprehensive assessment quota. The resource in production system is phyletic various, wear out condition is complex. Must build uniform method and quota system ability to undertake calculate and be assessmented of the system to its. Also go up in this foundation only, ability has mensurable opinion to devising plan, make thereby correct decision-making. 5 conclusion products plan is thing of influence production system can the most crucial link that resource uses up. If consider in design phase the resource of the product uses up a state, can be opposite content can resource has effective control. Face the products plan method that resource uses up, it is from systematic program design of sex of craft of design, product structure design, structure, material chooses and the many sided such as design standardization considers a product integratedly making, use and discard as useless the resource of the phase such as processing uses up a state, the content that makes product place is used up can resource is least, the litter that make and uses product place generation is least, after the product discards as useless reclaim utilization rate is top, raise matter thereby can the integrated utilization rate of resource, achieve resource to optimize the end that use. CNC Milling CNC Machining